70 PRS Proofreading and Editing Service PhD Experts • All Academic Areas • Fast Turnaround • High Quality 2013) or more rarely the other way around (Smith, 2013, 2012, 2010) but not (Smith, 2012, 2010, 2013) – and the order used in the in-text citations should match that used in the reference list (see Section 5.2.3). If references to different authors are provided within a single set of parentheses, then the citations should be separated by semi- colons and arranged either alphabetically by author name (matching their order in the reference list) or chronologically by date or using a combination of both, depending on the referencing style. In APA style, for instance, this would be the correct format: (Jones, 2013; McGraw, 2003; McGraw & Hill, 2001; Smith, 2010, 2012). Chicago referencing, on the other hand, leaves the order up to the author, whether alphabetical or chronological, but whichever order is used in whichever style, specific journal guidelines should be accommodated and the pattern decided upon should be used consistently throughout the paper. There are various other differences between individual referencing styles. Some use a comma between the author’s name and the date as I have in the preceding paragraph (Smith, 2010) and some do not (Smith 2010). Some use an ampersand (&) while others use ‘and’ between author names for sources with more than one author, but as a general rule, ‘and’ should be used in the main text – ‘McGraw and Hill (2003) argue that…’ – even if an ampersand is used parenthetically (McGraw & Hill, 2003). The use of ‘et al.’ in in-text citations also varies from style to style: in Chicago and Harvard referencing, for instance, ‘et al.’ should be used after the first author’s name if the source has four or more authors, though Harvard style also allows the use of ‘et al.’ when a source has only three authors. Chicago style uses a full stop after ‘et al.’ (Thompson et al. 2008), whereas Harvard referencing does not (Thompson et al, 2008). Sometimes ‘et al.’ should appear in italic font, but this is usually a requirement of specific journals. In APA style, ‘et al.’ is followed by a PARt II: PRePARIng, PResentIng And PolIsHIng YoUR woRk