What Is the Maximum Number of Authors for a Research Paper? In the simplest of terms, the number of authors to which an academic or scientific paper should be attributed is the number of researchers who acted as scholarly authors…
Blog Article Categories for Academics & Scientists
ears of proofreading academic and scientific writing for publication, presentation, examination and grading has allowed us here at Proof-Reading-Service.com to accumulate an enormous amount of knowledge and experience about exactly what it takes to produce a successful scholarly document. We…
What Audience Should I Address When Writing a Scientific Report?
What Audience Should I Address When Writing a Scientific Report? Scientific reports are like other kinds of professional and technical reports in that they are written to communicate the information gathered through research as well as through the analysis and…
What Is Self-Plagiarism and Why Is It Considered an Ethical Issue?
What Is Self-Plagiarism and Why Is It Considered an Ethical Issue? Plagiarism is usually defined as using the words, ideas or any intellectual property of other individuals without properly acknowledging the original creator and source. This traditional understanding does not…
Intellectual and Ethical Guidelines for Authorship in the Sciences
Intellectual and Ethical Guidelines for Authorship in the Sciences Scientific authorship entails significant responsibilities as well as significant rewards, and those responsibilities should be as real and important to scientists who publish their research as the rewards are. For the…
How To Identify Predatory Journals & Suspect Publishing Practices
How To Identify Predatory Journals & Suspect Publishing Practices Although it may at times seem tempting to toss peer review and the delays and revisions it so often necessitates to the wind and take up that offer of guaranteed publication,…
Academic Writing for Non-Native English Speakers
Academic Writing for Non-Native English Speakers English has been called the language of modern science, and top-tier journals in many other scholarly fields also publish their content in the English language. Since the publication of advanced research is an important…
The Moving Parts of Speech in English: Verbs and Conjunctions
The Moving Parts of Speech in English: Verbs and Conjunctions Many educational programmes drill the parts of speech into the minds of young students, but it is all too common for such details of language to slip right back out…
Traditional versus Open Access Publishing
Traditional versus Open Access Publishing With the boom of digital publishing and the central role of the internet in the dissemination of today’s advanced research, academic and scientific journals now offer authors more options than ever for the publication of…
Tricky Situations for Subject-Verb Agreement
Tricky Situations for Subject-Verb Agreement English can be a tricky language to write at the best of times, but certain grammatical aspects of the language are particularly perplexing, especially for those who are not native speakers. Academics and scientists who…
The Practical Benefits of a Research Plan
The Practical Benefits of a Research Plan | Tips on How to Get Published With the summer break well under way and time already flying by far too quickly, the necessity of a research plan may be growing all too…
Coping with Questions in Your Thesis or Dissertation Examination
Coping with Questions in Your Thesis or Dissertation Examination Although the specific procedures of thesis and dissertation examinations vary a great deal among disciplines, fields of study and individual departments, most theses and dissertations are examined via committee, and questions…
Using the Colon in Citations, References and Quotations
Using the Colon in Citations, References and Quotations Among the uses of the colon (:) in punctuating scholarly prose are its applications when citing sources, quoting the words of others and providing complete bibliographical references. Usage patterns are often based…
Post-Examination Language Revisions in a Thesis or Dissertation
Post-Examination Language Revisions in a Thesis or Dissertation The first and most important thing to acknowledge here is that revisions will almost certainly be required after a thesis or dissertation is examined. No matter how polished and perfect you thought…
What is Grammatical Parallelism and Why It Matters
What is Grammatical Parallelism and Why It Matters Academics and scientists who publish their research probably do not need any reason beyond professionalism to ensure that they always write clearly and correctly. They are professional researchers, professional authors and, in…
The Modifying Parts of Speech: Adjectives, Adverbs and Prepositions
The Modifying Parts of Speech: Adjectives, Adverbs and Prepositions Among the various parts of English speech are those with the particular function to modify other parts of speech. Such elements of language are extremely useful for academic and scientific authors…
Using the Comma in Formal English Prose
Using the Comma in Formal English Prose The comma is used in English prose in a wide variety of ways. Personal preferences, document content and reader needs are often concerns when making decisions about comma placement, but so too are…
Varying Sentence Structure with Embedded Clauses and Phrases
Varying Sentence Structure with Embedded Clauses and Phrases Writing in a fashion that is interesting and elegant for readers is certainly the hope of most academics and scholars, but it is also imperative that scholarly prose be clear, accurate and…
Grammatical Agreement in the Scholarly Prose of a Thesis or Dissertation
Grammatical Agreement in the Scholarly Prose of a Thesis or Dissertation Establishing agreement between the subject of an English clause or sentence and the verb that tells the reader what that subject is thinking, doing, feeling and so on is…
The Distinctive Interest of Difference: A Reminder for Scholars
The Distinctive Interest of Difference: A Reminder for Scholars Many academics and scientists who would like to join the ranks of scholars now disseminating their research via blogs and web sites hesitate because they fear that they have nothing interesting…
Constructing Compound Sentences
Constructing Compound Sentences Simple sentences rarely present a problem for authors because they are commonly used in informal speech and are, well, simple. The following sentence is just such a simple sentence: ‘Teachers are worried about the rising illiteracy rates…
Proofreading a Thesis or Dissertation for Final Examination
Proofreading a Thesis or Dissertation for Final Examination When a student has finally reached the point at which all major aspects of a thesis or dissertation are finished and the examination process has been initiated, it is a time for…
Some General Advice on Submitting a Thesis or Dissertation for Examination
Some General Advice on Submitting a Thesis or Dissertation for Examination University regulations regarding the submission of a postgraduate thesis or dissertation both before and after the formal examination vary. Some guidelines for students are short and rather vague, whereas…
The Art of Listening for Thesis and Dissertation Candidates
The Art of Listening for Thesis and Dissertation Candidates Most postgraduate students who are conducting advanced research and engaged in writing a thesis or dissertation would argue that they are very good listeners indeed. Sound listening skills are required, after…
Writing and Presenting Your Research Findings
Writing and Presenting Your Research Findings Although the research findings presented orally at a conference one month may very well be reported in writing as a journal article the next, the best approaches for preparing the findings part of an…
Two Principles of Fiction That Can Be Applied to Academic Writing
Two Principles of Fiction That Can Be Applied to Scholarly Writing Traditionally, there was a rather wide gulf between scholarly writing and creative writing, and this remained true even in an academic study of a literary text. That gulf still…
Using Maps Effectively in Academic and Scientific Documents
Using Maps Effectively in Academic and Scientific Documents Academic and scientific authors are reminded again and again that visual aids are excellent communication tools when sharing complex material with readers. Figures of all kinds can enable reader comprehension in efficient…
Grammar, Punctuation and the Danger of Global Changes in Academic Writing
Grammar, Punctuation and the Danger of Global Changes I was recently reading a novel that uses an unfortunate and incorrect punctuation pattern throughout the entire text. Well, to be honest, it uses far more than one incorrect punctuation pattern, but…
Yes, Proofreading Is Still Important … Perhaps More Important than Ever
Yes, Proofreading Is Still Important … Perhaps More Important than Ever Yet another article on the importance of proofreading may seem overkill. Certainly most authors, especially scholarly authors, have been advised many a time that proofreading is an essential part…
Applying Teaching Experience to Academic and Scientific Blogging
Applying Teaching Experience to Academic and Scientific Blogging Many academics and scientists who would like to jump on the blogging bandwagon and share their research with a wider online audience choose not to do so because they do not feel…
Punctuating Adjectives before a Noun
Punctuating Adjectives before a Noun Some of the best writers in the English language will advise aspiring authors to avoid adjectives as much as possible when aiming for a clear and elegant writing style. The argument runs that the right…
Avoiding the Abstract in Scholarly Abstracts, Academic and Scientific Writing Help
Avoiding the Abstract in Scholarly Abstracts | Tips on How to Get Published Since the advanced research conducted by academics and scientists often involves many theories, questions and speculations that are necessarily abstract, it may seem strange to advise avoiding…
Punctuating Embedded Lists in Academic and Scientific Documents
Punctuating Embedded Lists in Scholarly Documents Lists are often used in academic and scientific writing to present information in a clear and orderly fashion for readers. Whether the material a scholarly author wants to communicate is short and relatively simple…
Borrowing and Acknowledging in an Online Context | Plagiarism Advice
Borrowing and Acknowledging in an Online Context | Plagiarism Advice Although it is true that new events and ideas are trending online every moment, it is also true that the concept of ‘nothing new under the sun’ was never more…
Tips on Punctuating with a Colon in Academic and Scientific Prose
Tips on Punctuating with a Colon in Academic and Scientific Prose It is comforting to think that the association between scholarly writing and colons is based more upon the excellent use to which academics and scientists tend to put the…
Creating Effective Internal Headings for Academic and Scientific Documents
Creating Effective Internal Headings for Academic and Scientific Documents The headings in a scholarly document are usually considered to be primarily structural aspects of the text, so many academics and scientists will deem them less important than the research content…
Scholarly Uses of the Semicolon | Grammar Tips for Academic Writing
Scholarly Uses of the Semicolon Although some writers would do away with the semicolon, arguing that it serves no useful purpose in English prose, there can be no doubt that the semicolon performs many important functions for scholarly authors. The…
Logical Help for Clarifying Sentences in Academic and Scientific Writing
Logical Help for Clarifying Sentences in Academic and Scientific Writing When a scholarly author receives the message from readers, whether they are colleagues, mentors or acquisitions proofreaders, that his or her sentences simply are not communicating the research behind a…
Using the Full Stop in Academic and Scientific Prose
Using the Full Stop in Scholarly Prose Although the use of the full stop in English prose is relatively straightforward, it is essential to understand and use the correct patterns to ensure clear and professional communication when writing scholarly text….
Helpful Tips for Using Coordinating Conjunctions: Or, Nor, For and So
Helpful Tips for Using Coordinating Conjunctions: Or, Nor, For and So There are seven coordinating conjunctions in the English language. Alphabetically, and in full capitals for clarity here, they are AND, BUT, FOR, OR, NOR, SO, and YET. As their…
Subject-Verb Agreement in the English Language: Basic Grammatical Concerns
Subject-Verb Agreement in the English Language: Basic Grammatical Concerns One of the most primary of concerns when writing successful prose is maintaining agreement between the subject of a clause or sentence and the verb that tells the reader what the…
For the Sake of Academic Argument?
For the Sake of Scholarly Argument? | Get Your Research Published Every author knows that there is a great deal of material out there these days competing for readers’ attention, and this is the case even for scholarly text. Creating…
Basic Parts of Speech in English: Nouns, Pronouns and Articles
Basic Parts of Speech in English: Nouns, Pronouns and Articles Although many academics and scientists who conduct advanced research and publish their writing in the English language are familiar with the parts of speech, many are not. Scholars who are…
Basic Sentence Patterns for Variety in Academic and Scientific Prose
Basic Sentence Patterns for Variety in Scholarly Prose When writing academic and scientific prose, the main goals tend to be the thorough and accurate communication of research-based information and the effective construction of a persuasive scholarly argument. The highest standard…
When the Length of an Academic or Scientific Paper Is a Key Issue
When the Length of an Academic or Scientific Paper Is a Key Issue The length of an academic or scientific article is usually restricted by publisher guidelines. Journals, for instance, often indicate length requirements via word count. The limits may…
Complex Sentences Simplified in Academic & Scientific Writing
Complex Sentences Simplified Academics and scientists tend to write about difficult problems and complex research. No wonder, then, if they often need to express complex ideas and arguments with the utmost clarity. Doing so in English can be challenging, however,…
When the Revisions Are Done and Accepted by the Journal Editor
When the Revisions Are Done and Accepted by the Journal Editor Working to resolve the problems that prevented a research manuscript from being published when it was first submitted to a journal or press can be a long and arduous…
Writing and Bleeding and Spilling Ink – Get Your Research Published
Writing and Bleeding and Spilling Ink – Get Your Research Published ‘There is nothing to writing,’ Ernest Hemingway wrote. ‘All you do is sit down at a typewriter and bleed.’ Concise in cutting to the chase, Hemingway’s is a sentiment…
Using Appositive Words, Phrases and Clauses in English
Using Appositive Words, Phrases and Clauses in English An appositive is a word, phrase or clause that is used in juxtaposition to a noun or pronoun to identify, explain or describe that noun or pronoun. The appositive is itself a…
Planning the Presentation of Content in an Academic Journal Article
Planning the Presentation of Content in an Academic Research Article The research you have been conducting for months is finally complete, the results gathered and analysed, and you have a relatively clear idea of the argument you hope to present…